Heat Pumps vs. Air Conditioners: Which Is Right for Your Home?

Both heat pumps and air conditioners can provide reliable cooling for your home. Whether to install a heat pump or an air conditioner depends on multiple factors. Keep reading for a comprehensive breakdown, including:

Ultimately, both systems are highly effective, and you can't go wrong with either choice. Make the best decision for you, your preferences, and your home.

Both heat pumps and air conditioners cool your home using refrigerant. They also look similar. However, they have a few key differences worth understanding in order to make an informed decision.

Air conditioners only provide cooling, and homeowners must have an alternative heating source. They commonly pair an AC with a furnace, utilizing ductwork for climate control.

Heat pumps are a two-in-one device. They can heat and cool your home by reversing refrigerant flow and the direction of heat transfer.

Energy efficiency matters, especially for those looking to reduce their carbon footprint or power bills. In South Carolina, where humid summers and variable winters require ample climate control usage, investing in the most energy-efficient system makes sense.

Generally speaking, heat pumps tend to be more energy efficient than ACs, but it can depend on the specific models you compare. Both types of systems have ENERGY STAR® certified models available.

Heat pumps typically have both SEER2 and HSPF ratings, allowing you to quickly compare their cooling and heating efficiency. ACs, on the other hand, only have a SEER2 rating. You'd have to compare a heat pump's HSPF to your existing furnace's HSPF for a more comprehensive picture.

Remember that climate can also affect heat pump efficiency because these systems move rather than generate heat. Areas with milder winters, like SC, typically see higher efficiency gains with heat pumps vs. central air solutions.

Your heating needs matter in the heat pump vs. AC debate. A heat pump makes sense if you need both heating and cooling capabilities in your home. However, an AC combined with a furnace may provide more reliable heating during extremely cold temperatures.

Heat pumps excel at providing even heating in 30- to 60-degree temperatures. However, they typically require a supplemental electric or gas heat backup system for colder weather.

Pairing an AC with a furnace allows for more reliable heating in all temperatures and freezing weather. Because furnaces are stronger, they're often a better fit for poorly insulated homes.

Heat pumps cost more upfront, but they also serve a dual purpose. An AC is typically more affordable if you already have a furnace, but if you need both installed, you may find the prices quite comparable. Over the long term, heat pumps provide monthly savings on utility bills compared to an AC and furnace combo.

Maintenance for both types of systems costs around the same. Regardless of system type, you'll need to invest in seasonal tune-ups, air filter changes, and routine refrigerant checks.